This report explores the link between leverage and valuation in the light of the recent experience of market stress. Prior to the crisis, traditional balance sheet measures of leverage did not give an unambiguous signal of higher risk during the boom years of 2003-07. While balance sheet leverage increased at European banks and US investment […]
      
      
    
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        The recommendations cover the following areas: the bank capital framework, bank loan loss provisions, and leverage and valuation.
      
      
    
  
      
        The objective of financial crisis management is to seek to prevent serious domestic or international financial instability that would have an adverse impact on the real 
economy. 
      
      
    
  
      
        The objective of financial crisis management is to seek to prevent serious domestic or international financial instability that would have an adverse impact on the real economy. In so doing, authorities will be mindful of the impact interventions may have on the public purse and will, as far as possible: maintain incentives for financial institutions […]
      
      
    
  
      
        In its April 2008 Report on Enhancing Market and Institutional Resilience (“the FSF Report”), the Financial Stability Forum (FSF) and its member bodies issued a comprehensive set of recommendations reflecting a consensus, both internationally and cross-sectorally, on the actions needed to address the fundamental weaknesses that have been at the root of the present turmoil […]
      
      
    
  
      
        This note aims to provide an overall framework that could help evaluate policy options to address the procyclicality of the financial system. While the framework is general in nature, the note focuses exclusively on options for prudential and financial reporting arrangements and the associated risk management and incentives issues. It therefore excludes other possible policy […]
      
      
    
  
      13 November 2008
    
  
      
        Dear Ministers and Governors: The financial crisis has underscored the importance of international coordination both in responding to the crisis and in developing and implementing policies for a sounder financial system. Coordination is important as well across the international financial institutions and bodies that support the efforts of national governments, including the IMF and the […]
      
      
    
  
      14 October 2008
    
  
      15 September 2008